Variants

All 61 entries, alphabetically. Each carries its lineage, what every source was read to say, and a verdict on the state of its sourcing.

Variant	Family	Confidence	Evidence
American mah jongg 152 tiles, jokers 1961	Western / American	documented	corroborated
AMJA card	Western / American	documented	partial
Babcock rules 1920, the little red book	Western / American	documented	corroborated
Bashi-Bashi 3-player, Philippine casinos	Southeast Asian	catalogued	conflicting
Beijing style drawn wild tile	Chinese	catalogued	conflicting
Chinese archaic c. 1890, Wilkinson	Roots / ancestral	documented	corroborated
Chinese casino style	Chinese	catalogued	conflicting
Chinese classical 1920s, 144 tiles	Chinese	documented	corroborated
Chinese pre-classical Mauger, 1915	Roots / ancestral	documented	corroborated
Duplicate mahjong prebuilt walls, no luck	Roots / ancestral	documented	corroborated
Filipino style 16-tile hand, honours as flowers	Southeast Asian	catalogued	corroborated
Fujian style 124 tiles, winds as flowers	Chinese	single-informant	single-source
Fuzhou style 132 tiles	Chinese	catalogued	conflicting
Guangdong MCR / GMCR 2020s	Chinese	documented	corroborated
Guangdong style 1980s, additive scoring	Chinese	documented	corroborated
Hong Kong old style 1950s, fu removed	Chinese	documented	conflicting
Hong Kong Taiwanese HKT	Taiwanese	catalogued	partial
Houchi rules 1952, Amano Daizou	Japanese	documented	corroborated
India / Mumbai style rotating round rules	Western / American	catalogued	corroborated
Israeli Mah-Jongg Association	Western / American	catalogued	single-source
Japanese classical / arushiiaru 1929	Japanese	documented	corroborated
Korean traditional 104 tiles, no bamboo	Korean	placeholder	corroborated
Late Qing style c. 1903, Li Boyuan	Roots / ancestral	documented	corroborated
Macau simplificado 112 tiles, hold 4	Chinese	catalogued	corroborated
Mahjong Masters Millions	Roots / ancestral	catalogued	corroborated
Mainland regionals	Chinese	catalogued	corroborated
Malaysian 3-player 84 tiles, one suit	Southeast Asian	catalogued	partial
Malaysian 4-player 164 tiles, 24 flowers	Southeast Asian	catalogued	corroborated
MCR / Chinese official 1998, Guobiao	Chinese	documented	corroborated
MCR scoring reference	Chinese	documented	corroborated
Mhing card version	Roots / ancestral	catalogued	corroborated
Modern HKOS 3-faan minimum, 1970s	Chinese	documented	partial
Modern inventions not descendants	Roots / ancestral	catalogued	unsupported
Modern riichi / yonma red fives, 1970	Japanese	documented	corroborated
Modern rules 1967, ura dora, oka, bazoro	Japanese	documented	corroborated
Nanjing style dragons as flowers	Chinese	catalogued	corroborated
Nanyang variants descent disputed	Southeast Asian	disputed	unsupported
Nepalese 11-tile winning hand	Western / American	catalogued	corroborated
NMJL card 1937, annual hand list	Western / American	documented	corroborated
Pong Malaya, 120 tiles, Dobree 1955	Southeast Asian	catalogued	corroborated
Proto-mahjong c. 1870s, rules lost	Roots / ancestral	lost	corroborated
Pusser's Bones Royal Navy	Western / American	documented	conflicting
Regional US house rules 1920s-30s	Western / American	catalogued	corroborated
Sanma 3-player riichi	Japanese	catalogued	corroborated
Shanghai / Hong Kong new style 1920s	Chinese	documented	corroborated
Shenzhen style kongs only, poorly documented	Chinese	single-informant	conflicting
Siamese Mah Jongg two-handed, 2015	Western / American	documented	partial
Sichuan / Hunan / Tibetan 108 tiles	Chinese	catalogued	corroborated
Sichuan 72-tile game per Dragon Chang	Chinese	single-informant	single-source
Sichuan bloody rules Chengdu, 1990s	Chinese	catalogued	corroborated
Singapore style 148 tiles, animal flowers	Southeast Asian	catalogued	corroborated
Taiwanese style 16-tile hand, 1980s	Taiwanese	documented	corroborated
Tokyo rules 1957, 1-han minimum	Japanese	documented	corroborated
Tui Dao Hu multiple winners	Chinese	single-informant	conflicting
Twenty Point Mah Jong R.F. Foster, 1924	Western / American	documented	corroborated
Vietnamese classical 160 tiles, 8 jokers	Southeast Asian	catalogued	corroborated
Vietnamese modern 176+ tiles, 24+ jokers	Southeast Asian	catalogued	corroborated
Western / British Empire style	Western / American	documented	partial
WMPA / WMF Korean, riichi-based	Korean	catalogued	corroborated
Wright-Patterson USAF spouses, Ohio	Western / American	documented	corroborated
Zung Jung Alan Kwan, 2000s	Chinese	documented	partial