Mahjong CompendiumGuangdong MCR / GMCR

Proto-mahjong › Chinese classical › Shanghai / Hong Kong new style › Hong Kong old style › Guangdong style › Guangdong MCR / GMCR

Guangdong MCR / GMCR

2020s

Sources

Sources

The documents this entry rests on, as published. Each can be opened and checked; nothing in this part is anybody’s reading of them.

  1. Encyclopedia Mahjong Wiki. "Guangdong MCR Overview." mahjong.wikidot.com. canonical checked 2026-09-19

    http://mahjong.wikidot.com/rules:gmcr-overview

    chart’s note Cited as the source for individual nodes in the chart's node table. Carries no bibliography or per-claim citations of its own; see the appendix on tracing the wiki.

    for this variant The ruleset as the wiki carries it, with its linked 8-page rulebook by David (MansterSoft) of the San Hako Mahjong blog, where GMCR was first published in November 2025. The only rules text, and not independent of that blog

    Also cited on: Shanghai / Hong Kong new style, MCR / Chinese official · bibliography #43

  2. Encyclopedia Mahjong Wiki. "Guangdong MCR Scoring." mahjong.wikidot.com. cross-check checked 2026-10-14

    http://mahjong.wikidot.com/rules:gmcr-scoring

    AI summary The scoring page of the wiki's GMCR section. It gives the 4-4 winner-only payout, the four scoring restrictions and the table of 56 winning conditions, and ends with a link to the San Hako Mahjong blog's Guangdong resources page.

    for this variant Same wiki and editors as the canonical page, so not independent. It fixes the payout that the rulebook leaves to the group, and gives 3 Kongs 4 points where the rulebook and its author's blog give 12, probably a slip on the wiki. Its link is what leads to GMCR's author

    Only cited here · bibliography #514

  3. Guide MansterSoft (David). "Mahjong - HKOS, New Chapter, and Guangdong Style" (page "Guangdong Style Mahjong History"). San Hako Mahjong (blog), 19 November 2025, updated 20 March 2026. cross-check checked 2026-10-14

    https://san-hako-mahjong.blogspot.com/feeds/pages/default/9015098970559577312

    AI summary The GMCR designer's long write-up of the rules of Hong Kong Old Style, New Chapter (New 6, New 18) and Guangdong Style, which he compiled from nine translated rulesets. It includes his notes on how GMCR's point values were set and his description of GMCR as a proof-of-concept framework. Read through the blog's Atom feed, because the page itself is drawn by script.

    for this variant Outside the wiki but by GMCR's designer, so not independent of the rulebook. It settles who wrote GMCR and how it was compiled, and shows that it is a proposal, not a played standard

    Only cited here · bibliography #515

  4. Encyclopedia Mahjong Wiki. "Guangdong Style Overview." mahjong.wikidot.com. cross-check checked 2026-09-18

    http://mahjong.wikidot.com/rules:guangdong-style-overview

    chart’s note Cited as the source for individual nodes in the chart's node table. Carries no bibliography or per-claim citations of its own; see the appendix on tracing the wiki.

    for this variant The parent page's timeline, which is the chart's source for '2020s'. Same editor as the GMCR page, so it is not a second witness.

    Also cited on: Hong Kong old style, Guangdong style · bibliography #42

  5. Tournament rules World Mahjong Tour. Guangdong Mahjong tournament rules. cross-check checked 2026-09-25

    https://worldmahjongtour.live/tournament-rules-guangdong-mahjong/

    AI summary Tournament rules for 'Guangdong Mahjong' as played in mainland Guangdong: the 推倒胡 (push-to-win) game with no chows, a joker tile, 'buying horses' (买马) that double the score, and a 2-to-88 fan table. Despite the name, it is not the Hong Kong-derived 13-tile Guangdong Style of the Mahjong Wiki. Corrected 2026-09-25: this note formerly called it a codification of Guangdong style.

    for this variant Listed only to keep it apart: the World Mahjong Tour's 'Guangdong Mahjong' is mainland push-to-win, not GMCR.

    Also cited on: Guangdong style, Tui Dao Hu · bibliography #74

  6. Guide MansterSoft (David). "Updates & Guangdong Style Mahjong." San Hako Mahjong (blog), 19 November 2025, updated 6 February 2026. cross-check checked 2026-10-14

    https://san-hako-mahjong.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default/748186697189395294

    AI summary Blog post announcing the author's research into Guangdong Style, then based on seven rulesets, and his own ruleset built from it, GMCR. The earliest dated mention of GMCR found. Read through the blog's Atom feed.

    for this variant Dates GMCR to November 2025, three months before the wiki page, and shows that the number of source rulesets grew from seven to nine. Same author as the rulebook

    Only cited here · bibliography #516

  7. Guide MansterSoft (David). "Guangdong Style Mahjong, GMCR, and 2-Player Mahjong Updates." San Hako Mahjong (blog), 7 February 2026, updated 11 February 2026. cross-check checked 2026-10-14

    https://san-hako-mahjong.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default/81137268735772170

    AI summary Blog post announcing the finished GMCR and a four-step teaching programme. It explains why the author made GMCR: rulesets that varied widely and no English-language resources, so he compiled nine rulesets. Read through the blog's Atom feed.

    for this variant Gives the date GMCR was finished and why it was made. The teaching group is the only hint that GMCR has been played, and no event is named. Same author as the rulebook

    Only cited here · bibliography #517

  8. Encyclopedia Mahjong Wiki. "Hong Kong Old Style Overview." supporting

    http://mahjong.wikidot.com/rules:hong-kong-old-style-overview

    chart’s note The 1950s simplification, removal of fu, the 1970s 3-3 system, and the late-1980s split into Taiwanese and Guangdong styles.

    Also cited on: Hong Kong old style, Modern HKOS, Guangdong style, Taiwanese style · bibliography #8

AI-generated

Analysis

Written by an AI model from the sources above. It is a reading of them, not a source in its own right: every figure in it points back to a numbered source, and where the two disagree, the source is right.

Assessment

Confidence
documented a published ruleset or rule description exists and is cited
Evidence
partial sources agree on some points but disagree or say nothing on others

Cross-comparison

What each source was read to say, set side by side. The numbers are the sources above.

SourceTilesHandFlowersScoringPayout
[1]———built only from rules found in historic Guangdong Style rulesets, and teachable as a three-step progression through Clear Chapter and New Chapter HKOS—
[1]136, no flowers in tournament games13; walls of 17; 14-tile dead wall, not replenished after a kong—additive points, a hand capped at the Limit of 24, a few 'extraordinary' patterns 36; 4 points recommended as the minimumleft to the group: discarder pays all (x6 x0 x0) or composite (x4 x1 x1); liability and multiple wins also optional
[1]136, no flowers in tournament games13 tiles; walls 17 stacks long; a 14-tile dead wall that is not replenished; games of 8 to 16 hands—Additive, minimum 4, maximum 24 counted and 36 for some patterns; no dealer bonus and no continuous dealer winsThe summary table now gives self-draw x2 x2 x2 and discard x4 x1 x1, paid by the losers to the winner only; players start level, with 100 points suggested
[2]———56 winning conditions in four groups (Classic Hong Kong, New 6, New 18 and 15 Acquaintances), taken from those found in a majority of Guangdong Style rulesets, minus five luck-based ones; minimum 4, limit 24 counted, 36 for extraordinary patterns; 3 Kongs listed at 4 pointsWinner only: on a self-draw, x2 from each opponent; on a discard, x4 from the discarder and x1 from each other opponent; several players may win on one discard, each paid the same way
[3]———Point values were set by sorting the nine rulesets' hands into five tiers (about 1, 3-5, 10-15, 20-30 and 30-40 points) and fixing those tiers at 1, 4, 12, 24 and 36. All Linked was cut from 12 to 4 after playtesting, and 3 Kongs scores 12, 'used in every ruleset'The payout system, the minimum, the limit and dead-wall replenishment are listed as rules each group must agree on in advance; GMCR's choices are marked in red, which plain text does not show
  • [4] the same timeline ends: 2020s, the synthetic competitive variant Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules (GMCR) is made. This corroborates the chart's 2020s date
  • [1] states GMCR was created to promote competitive Guangdong Style, with three goals: true to the game yet simple, easy to learn, and competitive — the last achieved by removing pure-luck wins such as Blessing of Heaven and the self-drawn win. Gives an explicit descent chain: GMCR evolved from Guangdong Style, which evolved from HKOS, which was adopted as a backlash to HKNS, which evolved from Chinese Classical
  • [5] Re-read 2026-09-25 and corrected: this is not a codification of the Hong Kong-derived Guangdong Style. It is mainland Guangdong's 推倒胡 (push-to-win) with no chows, a joker tile, 'buying horses' and a 2-to-88 fan table. Relevant to this node only as a warning that 'Guangdong mahjong' names two different games.
  • [1] Page and its linked 'GMCR Official Rulebook' PDF (8 pages; PDF author field 'David', created 22 March 2026). Only rules and hands 'found in a majority of Guangdong Style rulesets' are used; blessings of heaven and earth, the self-drawn win, and fully concealed and fully exposed hands are removed as 'pure luck'. No continuous dealer wins; a missed-win rule. The page's revision history (read 2026-09-25) shows it created on 10 February 2026 and edited since almost entirely by one wiki user, 'murve'. Neither the page nor the PDF names an organisation, event or author beyond that.
  • [1] Re-checked: the page's latest revision is still no. 29 of 27 August 2026, so nothing has changed since the reading of 2026-09-25. Its 'Why' section now frames GMCR as a repeat of history: HKOS simplified the pattern-heavy 1950s game, and in the 1990s the State Sports Commission 'opted to eschew organic competitive Mahjong' and created MCR instead. Search results quote the wiki as saying GMCR was compiled by comparing 9 Guangdong rulesets, but the page read here does not name them
  • [1] Re-read 2026-10-14. The revision list, read through the wiki's history module, still ends at no. 29 of 27 August 2026. Of the 30 revisions, all but no. 15 are by Murve, whose Wikidot account dates from 7 February 2026. No. 15 (16 February 2026) is by MansterSoft, whose Wikidot profile gives san-hako-mahjong.blogspot.com as his website. The timeline ends with GMCR's creation in the 2020s. The linked rulebook PDF was downloaded again and is unchanged: 8 pages, author field 'David', created 22 March 2026. It starts players at 1000 points, scores 3 Kongs at 12, and leaves the choice between discarder-pays-all and composite payout to the group, recommending composite
  • [2] Ends with the link 'Guangdong Style Resources: LINK' to the San Hako Mahjong blog's Guangdong Mahjong Resources page. This is the only pointer on the wiki to where GMCR came from
  • [3] The blog page 'Guangdong Style Mahjong History' (headed on the page 'Mahjong - HKOS, New Chapter, and Guangdong Style'), signed '-MansterSoft (San Hako Mahjong)'. The Blogger feed dates it 19 November 2025, updated 20 March 2026. It says Guangdong Style's heyday was the 1980s to 2000s, that it is now 'practically extinct', and that the only English-language ruleset the author found was in Amy Lo's The Book of Mah Jong. It calls GMCR the author's own invention, a 'proof-of-concept framework' that should not be thought of as the new standard. It names none of the nine rulesets. Its shout-outs list the 'Let's Mahjong!' internal wiki, the MCR Green Book, IGS's 13-tile games, the Mahjong Wiki, 'The Youth Bachelors Club', Alan Kwan, Sloperama, Fanye's Mahjong Archives, the EZMJTW blog, Amy Lo, and English, Chinese and Cantonese Wikipedia. Read in the blog's Atom feed, because the page itself is drawn by script
  • [6] Blog post 'Updates & Guangdong Style Mahjong', published 19 November 2025 and updated 6 February 2026. The author had quit riichi and taken up Guangdong Style, which he describes as a 13-tile competitive style popular in South China in the 1990s and 2000s. With bilingual friends and Google Translate he collected seven rulesets, then synthesised his own ruleset from what most of them shared. This is the earliest dated mention of GMCR found, here spelt 'Guandong'
  • [7] Blog post of 7 February 2026, updated 11 February, announcing the finished GMCR and a four-step teaching programme. The author, a riichi player of eight years, was asked to teach a group. He passed over HKOS, American Mah Jongg, MCR and Zung Jung and chose Guangdong Style. Finding that its rulesets varied wildly and had no English-language resources, he compiled nine and built GMCR, so as to offer both a loose framework and a playable ruleset. The post names no event, club or other players

Reading it

The chart's '2020s' is right, and the ruleset now has a named author. The wiki's GMCR pages (created 10 February 2026, unchanged since 27 August) link to the San Hako Mahjong blog, where David, writing as MansterSoft, announced GMCR on 19 November 2025 from seven translated Guangdong Style rulesets and finished it by 7 February 2026 from nine. The rulebook PDF's author field is 'David'; MansterSoft also edited the wiki page, while its main editor, Murve, is unidentified. The blog is therefore the designer's own account, not an independent witness. He calls GMCR 'a standardized ruleset of my own invention' and 'a proof-of-concept framework', mentions playtesting and a group he was asked to teach, and names none of the nine rulesets. No event, club, app, video, forum thread or Chinese-language page on GMCR was found; it has no Chinese name, and the zh names are its author's label for the Guangdong Style it standardises. The wiki and the rulebook differ on payout (fixed composite against left to the group), starting points (100 against 1000) and 3 Kongs (4 against 12). Still wanted: the nine rulesets, Amy Lo's book, Fanye's Zhihu archive and the author's Reddit posts.

Looked for, not found

  • Official rules The only rules text is the designer's own 'GMCR Official Rulebook' (an 8-page PDF on Google Drive, author field David, created 22 March 2026), read with the wiki page under wikidot-gmcr. Its author, MansterSoft of San Hako Mahjong, says it should not be thought of as a standard. No body has adopted or issued it
  • Law No law could name a ruleset first published on a blog in 2025; law-zh and law-en were noted, not searched
  • Historical GMCR was created in 2025-26, so no period writing about it can exist. The author's blog, written while he made it, is filed as guide
  • Scholarship A Crossref query (2026-10-14) found nothing, and no scholarship on GMCR exists
  • Journalism No press coverage was found in the English and Chinese web searches of 2026-10-14
  • Commercial No app, game or publisher uses GMCR: the App Store search and the web searches found none. The author offers his Guangdong resources free to use with a link back
  • Organisation No club, association or league page mentions GMCR. The author's blog is a personal site and names no group beyond one he was asked to teach
  • Collection Not applicable: GMCR has no objects of its own and is played with a standard 136-tile set

Known, not yet read

Sources that look worth having but could not be read for this entry. If you can reach one, it can be read and added. Every variant’s list is gathered on Missing sources.

  • Rulebook The nine Guangdong Style rulesets the GMCR was compiled from — GMCR's author says he built it from the rules shared by a majority of nine translated rulesets (seven in November 2025). Knowing which they are would show whether its 'majority' rules rest on independent sources or on each other.
    Where: Not named by the author's blog (San Hako Mahjong, by MansterSoft). Candidates from its shout-outs: the 'Let's Mahjong!' internal wiki, IGS's 13-tile games, Fanye's Mahjong Archives (Zhihu), the EZMJTW blog, 'The Youth Bachelors Club', Amy Lo's The Book of Mah Jong, and Chinese and Cantonese Wikipedia. The author can be asked on Reddit as u/MansterSoft. Tried: Not listed on the wiki's GMCR or Guangdong Style pages (read 2026-09-28), nor on the blog's history page or its posts of November 2025 and February 2026 (read 2026-10-14), which give only the count
  • Tournament rules Any event played under GMCR — An event would be the first witness to GMCR outside its author's own pages, and would turn a proposal into a played ruleset.
    Where: Not known. Reddit (u/MansterSoft, r/Mahjong) is the likeliest place for any announcement. Tried: English and Chinese searches on 2026-09-25, 2026-09-28 and 2026-10-14 (the last including two extended queries), plus YouTube, Bilibili and Sogou WeChat, found none. The author's blog mentions only playtesting and a group he was asked to teach
  • Rulebook Amy Lo, The Book of Mahjong (Tuttle, 2001; ISBN 0804833028) — The one English-language Guangdong Style ruleset the GMCR author found, which he says she presents as a variant of Shanghai New Style. A print witness to the 13-tile additive game GMCR standardises, and probably one of the nine rulesets.
    Where: Internet Archive item bookofmahjongill00loam (lending library); print. Tried: The item's OCR text answered 401 on 2026-10-14, the Internet Archive's own lending restriction. It can be borrowed by a logged-in reader
  • Guide Fanye's Mahjong Archive, Zhihu column (zhihu.com/column/p/22075399), Chinese-language Guangdong Style write-up — The GMCR author's favourite Chinese-language write-up of Guangdong Style and one of his credited sources; possibly one of the nine rulesets.
    Where: https://www.zhihu.com/column/p/22075399, linked from the San Hako Mahjong Guangdong resources page. Tried: Answered 403 on 2026-10-14, Zhihu's own refusal of automated readers
  • Forum Reddit posts and comments by u/MansterSoft, the GMCR author, on r/Mahjong — The author invites questions there, so it is the likeliest place for GMCR to have been announced, discussed or taken up by others. It would show whether anyone besides its author uses it.
    Where: https://www.reddit.com/user/MansterSoft/. Tried: reddit.com answered 403 to the user's submissions listing on 2026-10-14, the site's own refusal; the search tool cannot search reddit.com

Where it was searched

Every place the search checklist names for this variant’s languages, and what each gave, including nothing. The last full pass was on 2026-10-14.

Names searched: English Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules, GMCR, Guangdong MCR, Guandong Mahjong Competition Rules; Chinese 廣東十三張麻將, 广东十三张麻将.

25 places searched
  • General web search — 2026-10-14. Standard mode: "Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules" GMCR; MansterSoft mahjong Guangdong GMCR; "San Hako Mahjong" Guangdong Style; GMCR 廣東十三張麻將 競技規則 (Traditional); 广东麻将竞赛规则 GMCR 十三张 (Simplified); "GMCR" mahjong Guangdong reddit OR discord OR club. Extended mode, twice: one English query combining GMCR, San Hako, MansterSoft and mahjong.wikidot, and one Chinese query, 廣東麻將 GMCR 競技 規則 十三張 新章 英文. Nothing outside the Mahjong Wiki and the San Hako Mahjong blog mentions GMCR. The other results were MCR rulebooks, the World Mahjong Tour's mainland Guangdong rules, app listings and unrelated clubs. A metacpan hit, Game-Mahjong (2026), was checked through the metacpan API and implements Chinese Official rules, not GMCR. The blog was reached through the wiki's own link, not through search
  • Wikidata — 2026-10-14: wbsearchentities for 'Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules' and 'GMCR' answered 429 on four tries, Wikimedia's rate limit on the shared address. A ruleset published on a blog in 2025-26 is unlikely to have an item. The parent Guangdong mahjong item (Q10288662) was read in the guangdong-style pass
  • Wikipedia, in every declared language — 2026-10-14: an English Wikipedia search for "Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules" returned 0 hits, and a Chinese Wikipedia search for "San Hako" returned 0 hits. The other searches (GMCR mahjong, "Guangdong MCR", GMCR 麻將, 廣東十三張) got 429. No article on GMCR is expected; its author lists English, Chinese and Cantonese Wikipedia among his sources for Guangdong Style
  • The sources' own references, and who cites them — One round, from the wiki and the blog. The wiki's GMCR Scoring page links to the San Hako Mahjong blog's 'Guangdong Mahjong Resources' page. That page was read: it says the resources are the author's own work and gives his Reddit handle, u/MansterSoft. It led to the author's history page and two posts, all read, and to six Google Drive PDFs: the four-part Learning & Teaching guides, the GMCR rulebook (read) and 'Modular Mechanics'. The history page's shout-outs name the author's sources but do not say which are the nine rulesets: the 'Let's Mahjong!' internal wiki, the MCR Green Book, IGS's 13-tile games, the Mahjong Wiki, 'The Youth Bachelors Club', Alan Kwan, Sloperama, Fanye's Mahjong Archives (zhihu.com/column/p/22075399, which answered 403), the EZMJTW blog (domain gone, already wanted on guangdong-style), Amy Lo's The Book of Mah Jong (wanted) and Wikipedia. Second-round leads, unread: the four Learning & Teaching guide PDFs and the Modular Mechanics PDF; 'The Youth Bachelors Club', not identified. Forward: nothing found cites GMCR
  • Internet Archive full-text search — 2026-10-14. Advanced search for "Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules" OR "San Hako Mahjong" found 0 items. Amy Lo's The Book of Mahjong (Tuttle, 2001) is item bookofmahjongill00loam in the lending library; its OCR text answered 401, the Internet Archive's own restriction (wanted)
  • Wayback Machine — 2026-10-14. CDX answered for mahjong.wikidot.com/rules:gmcr-overview, with captures of 5 March and 12 May 2026. It also answered for the blog's resources page, with the earliest capture on 3 December 2025 and the next on 1 January 2026, which supports the blog's November 2025 date. CDX requests for the blog's history page and its November post timed out or got connection resets on two tries each, a failure on this side of the connection rather than the archive's refusal
  • Google Books — Not searched: GMCR has no print edition, and the API answered 429 in earlier passes. Amy Lo's The Book of Mah Jong could be looked up there for its Guangdong-style section
  • HathiTrust full-text search — Not searched: a ruleset first published on a blog in 2025 has no library copy, and full-text search sits behind a Cloudflare challenge
  • WorldCat — Not searched: GMCR exists only online. Amy Lo, The Book of Mah Jong (Tuttle, 2001, ISBN 0804833028) is the print item to look up
  • Scholarly indexes — 2026-10-14: a Crossref bibliographic query for "Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules" returned nothing relevant (mahjong AI papers and an economics paper). OpenAlex wants a key and Google Scholar is not scriptable; a hobby ruleset of 2025-26 has no literature
  • YouTube — 2026-10-14: YouTube results pages for "Guangdong Mahjong Competition Rules" (no video results parsed), GMCR mahjong (two unrelated videos) and Guangdong style mahjong GMCR (Hong Kong and mainland Guangdong how-to videos, none on GMCR). No GMCR video, tutorial or broadcast was found
  • English-language forums — 2026-10-14: the GMCR author invites contact on Reddit as u/MansterSoft and credits r/Mahjong among his sources. reddit.com answered 403 to his submissions listing, the site's own refusal, so any announcement or discussion there is wanted. BoardGameGeek not tried, because of its Cloudflare challenge. No forum discussion of GMCR surfaced in the web searches
  • Mahjong reference sites — Mahjong Wiki read 2026-10-14: the GMCR Overview, Gameplay and Scoring pages; the GMCR page's revision list (30 revisions, the latest no. 29 of 27 August 2026, all by Murve except no. 15 by MansterSoft on 16 February 2026); the Wikidot profiles of Murve (user since 7 February 2026) and MansterSoft (user since 12 February 2026, website san-hako-mahjong.blogspot.com); and the Guangdong Style Overview, whose timeline puts GMCR's making in the 2020s and calls it an attempt to average the Guangdong rulesets. The Gameplay page says a chow may be called only from the opponent to the right, where the rulebook says left. Sloperama not searched: the FAQ has no Guangdong Style entry (guangdong-style pass) and predates GMCR
  • App and platform listings — 2026-10-14: the iTunes Search API for 'GMCR mahjong' returned ten generic mahjong apps, none naming GMCR; a second query, 'Guangdong mahjong competition', got an empty reply. The blog names no app, and GMCR is written for play with a physical 136-tile set
  • Baidu search and Tieba — No open search API. The general tool's Traditional and Simplified queries stood in for it (see web-search) and found no Chinese page on GMCR. GMCR is an English-language ruleset with no Chinese name
  • Baidu Baike — Not searched: it answers 403 to automated readers, and an English-language ruleset of 2025-26 with no Chinese name will have no entry
  • Chinese Q&A and community sites — Not searched directly. Zhihu answered 403 on 2026-10-14 to the Chinese source the GMCR author recommends, Fanye's Mahjong Archives (zhihu.com/column/p/22075399), now wanted; Xiaohongshu has a login wall. No Chinese discussion of GMCR surfaced in the web searches
  • WeChat public-account articles — 2026-10-14: Sogou WeChat search for 广东十三张 麻将 GMCR answered 没有找到相关的微信公众号文章 (no articles found). A second query, GMCR 麻将, got Sogou's anti-robot redirect, which was not followed
  • Bilibili — 2026-10-14: Bilibili's search API answered three queries. GMCR 麻将 returned only unrelated Sichuan and riichi league videos. 广东麻将竞技规则 returned beginner videos on mainland Guangdong mahjong. 廣東十三張 returned one video on 广东新章 (BV1hyWw6WE1d, unread) among unrelated results. No video on GMCR
  • Pre-modern and Republican Chinese texts — Not searched: GMCR dates from 2025-26, so pre-modern and Republican texts cannot mention it
  • Chinese-language scholarship — Not searched: there can be no Chinese scholarship yet on an English-language hobby ruleset of 2025-26, and CNKI does not serve automated readers
  • Chinese-language newspaper archives — Not searched: no press coverage of GMCR in any language surfaced, and the Hong Kong library queues automated readers
  • Statutes published in Chinese — Not searched: no statute in the PRC, Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan prescribes rules of play, and GMCR is a private proposal
  • English-language newspaper archives — Not searched: GMCR dates from late 2025, the listed archives cover earlier periods, and the web searches found no press coverage
  • Statutes published in English — Not searched: GMCR is a private ruleset regulated nowhere, and mahjong law in English-language jurisdictions prescribes no rules of play

In the tree

Descends from Guangdong style, as the source chart draws it.

← back to the tree